Because the Washington Natural Heritage Program has not yet developed an adequate database of element occurrence data on species, precise ranking of rarity is not possible for some species. Consequently, all of these lichens have a state status of Review Group 1 (R1, of potential concern but needs more field work to assign another rank). The following lists are based on the recommendations generously provided by Katherine Glew, with notes and additions by Jeanne Ponzetti.

Table 1. Potentially Endangered lichens in Washington state.

Scientific Name	Author	Global Rank	State Rank
Acroscyphus sphaerophoroides	Leveille	GNR	SNR
Arctoparmelia incurva	(Pers.) Hale	G3G5	S1
Bunodophoron melanocarpum	(Sw.) Wedin	GNR	SNR
Catolechia wahlenbergii	(Ach.) Korber	G3G5	SNR
Dactylina arctica	(Richardson) Nyl.	G4G5	S1
Dactylina ramulosa	(Hook.) Tuck.	G4G5	SNR
Erioderma sorediatum	D.J. Galloway & P.M. Jxrg.	G4	S1
Flavoparmelia caperata	(L.) Hale	G5?	SNR
Fuscopannaria leprosa	P. M. Jørg. & Tønsberg	G2G3	SNR
Leptogium burnetiae	C. W. Dodge	G3G5	SNR
Nephroma occultum	Wetm.	G4	S1
Niebla cephalota	(Tuck.) Rundel & Bowler	G3G4	S1
Ochrolechia turneri	(Sm.) Hasselrot	GNR	SNR
Ophioparma ventosa	(L.) Norman	GNR	SNR
Peltigera lepidophora	(Nyl. ex Vainio) Bitter	G4	S1
Pseudocyphellaria perpetua	McCune & Miadlikowska	G4	SNR
Ramalina thrausta	(Ach.) Nyl.	G4G5	S1
Spilonemella americana	Henssen & Tønsberg	GNR	SNR
Texosporium sancti-jacobi	(Tuck.) Nadv.	G3	S1?
Umbilicaria lambii	Imshaug	G2G4	S1
Umbilicaria phaea var. coccinea	Llano	G5?TNR	S1
Usnea sphacelata	R. Br.	G4G5	S1
Vestergrenopsis isidiata	(Degel.) E. Dahl	G4?	S1

 

Table 2. Potentially Threatened lichens in Washington state.

Scientific Name	Author	Global Rank	State Rank
Agrestia hispida	(Mereschk.) Hale & Culb.	G3	S1
Alectoria lata	(Taylor) Lindsay	G3G4	S2
Alectoria nigricans	(Ach.) Nyl.	G5	S2
Alectoria ochroleuca	(Hoffm.) Massal.	G5	S1
Biatora nobilis	Printzen & Tønsberg	G2?	SNR
Gyalideopsis muscicola	P. James & Vezda	GNR	SNR
Leioderma sorediatum	D. J. Galloway & P. M. Jørg.	G4	SNR
Leptogium rivale	Tuck.	G3G5	S2
Micarea alabastrites	(Nyl.) Coppins	GNR	SNR
Micarea synotheoides	(Nyl.) Coppins	GNR	SNR
Pertusaria coccodes	(Ach.) Nyl.	GNR	SNR
Phaeographis smithii	(Leighton) de Lesd.	GNR	SNR
Phylliscum demangeonii	(Moug. & Mont.) Nyl.	G3G5	S2
Psilolechia clavulifera	(Nyl.) Coppins	GNR	S2
Umbilicaria nylanderiana	(Zahlbr.) H. Magn.	GNR	SNR
Vulpicida tilesii	(Ach.) J.-E. Mattsson & M.J. Lai	G4G5	S1

 

Table 3. Potentially Sensitive lichens in Washington state.

Scientific Name	Author	Global Rank	State Rank
Brodoa oroarctica	(Krog) Goward	G4G5	S1
Bryocaulon divergens	(Ach.) Karnefelt	G4G5	SNR
Bryoria friabilis	Brodo & D. Hawksw.	G3G4	S1
Bryoria pikei	Brodo & D. Hawksw.	G2	S2
Cornicularia normoerica	(Gunn.) Du Rietz	G3G5	S2
Dermatocarpon meiophyllizum	Vain.	G3G5	S2
Dermatocarpon moulinsii	(Mont.) Zahlbr.	GNR	SNR
Peltigera hydrothyria	Miadl. & Lutzoni	G4	S2
Pilophorus nigricaulis	Sato	G3G4	S2
Platismatia lacunosa	(Ach.) Culb. & Culb.	G3G4	S3
Stereocaulon nivale	(Follman) Fryday	GNR	SNR
Tholurna dissimilis	(Norman) Norman	G3G5	S2
Usnea longissima	Ach.	G4	S2

 

Table 4. Lichens that we recommend be monitored for rarity in Washington.

Scientific Name	Author	Global Rank	State Rank
Ahtiana pallidula	(Tuck. ex Riddle) Goward & Thell	G3G5	SNR
Ahtiana sphaerosporella	(Mull. Arg.) Goward	G5	SNR
Arthonia stellaris	Kremp.	GNR	SNR
Arthrorhaphis citrinella	(Ach.) Poelt	G4G5	SNR
Buellia fimbriata	(Tuck.) Imsh.	GNR	SNR
Buellia oidalea	(Nyl.) Tuck.	G3?	S2
Calicium abietinum	Pers.	G4G5	SNR
Calicium adaequatum	Nyl.	G3G4	S1
Calicium glaucellum	Ach.	G4G5	SNR
Cetrelia cetrarioides	(Delise ex Duby) Culb. & C. Culb.	G4G5	S3
Chaenotheca chrysocephala	(Turner ex Ach.) Th. Fr.	G4G5	SNR
Chaenotheca ferruginea	(Turner & Borrer) Mig.	G4G5	SNR
Chaenotheca subroscida	(Eitner) Zahlbr.	G3G4	SNR
Chaenothecopsis pusilla	(Ach.) A. F. W. Schmidt	G4G5Q	SNR
Cladina portentosa ssp. pacifica	(Ahti) Ahti	GNRTNR	SNR
Cladonia norvegica	Tonsberg & Holien	G4G5	S2
Coccotrema pocillarium	(Cummings) Brodo	G2G4	S1
Collema nigrescens	(Huds.) DC.	G5?	SNR
Cystocoleus ebeneus	(Dillwyn) Thwaites	GNR	S1
Dendriscocaulon intricatulum	(Nyl.) Henssen	GUQ	S1
Heterodermia leucomelos	(L.) Poelt	G4	SNR
Hypogymnia heterophylla	Pike	G3	S3
Hypogymnia oceanica	Goward	G4?	S1
Hypogymnia vittata	(Ach.) Parrique	G4G5	SNR
Hypotrachyna revoluta	(Flvrke) Hale	G3G4	SNR
Kaernefeltia californica	(Tuck.) Thell & Goward	G3	S2
Lecanora cavicola	Creveld	GNR	S1
Lecanora laatokkaensis	(Rasanen) Poelt	GNR	S1
Lecanora nigromarginata	H. Magn.	GNR	S1
Lecanora novomexicana	H. Magn.	G4G5	S1
Lecanora pringlei	(Tuck.) Lamb	G3Q	SNR
Lecanora sierrae	B.D. Ryan & T. Nash	GNR	SNR
Lecidea dolodes	Nyl.	G4	SNR
Lecidella carpathica	Korber	G5?	SNR
Leptogium cyanescens	(Rabenh.) Kvrber	G5	SNR
Leptogium teretiusculum	(Wallr.) Arnold	G4G5Q	SNR
Lobaria linita	(Ach.) Rabenh.	G4G5	SNR
Loxospora elatina	(Ach.) A. Massal.	GNR	SNR
Microlychnus epicorticis	A. Funk	GNR	S1
Ochrolechia montana	Brodo	GNR	S1
Opegrapha sorediifera	P. James	GNR	S1
Pannaria rubiginosa	(Ach.) Bory	G4G5	SNR
Pertusaria flavocorallina	Coppins & Muhr	GNR	S1
Physcia callosa	Nyl.	G3G4	SNR
Physcia tribacia	(Ach.) Nyl.	G4?	SNR
Protoparmelia ochrococca	(Nyl.) P.M. Jorg, Rambold & Hertel	GNR	S3
Pseudocyphellaria crocata	(L.) Vain	G4?	S3
Pseudocyphellaria rainierensis	Imshaug	G3G4	S2
Pyrrhospora gowardiana	Spribille & Hauck	GNR	SNR
Pyrrhospora subcinnabarina	(Tonsberg) Hafellner	GNR	S1
Ramalina menziesii	Taylor	G3G5	S3
Ramalina pollinaria	(Westr.) Ach.	G4	SNR
Rhizocarpon cookeanum	H. Magn.	GNR	SNR
Rhizocarpon jemtlandicum	(Malme) Malme	G3G5	SNR
Rinodina aspersa	(Borrer) Laundon	GNR	SNR
Santessoniella grisea	(Hue) Henssen	GNR	SNR
Solorina saccata	(L.) Ach.	G3G5	SNR
Sporastatia polyspora	(Nyl.) Grummann	G3G5	SNR
Stenocybe clavata	Tibell	G3	S1
Stenocybe major	(Nyl.) Kvrber	G4	SNR
Stereocaulon myriocarpum	Th. Fr.	G4	SNR
Sticta weigelii	(Ach.) Vainio	GNR	SNR
Szczawinskia tsugae	A. Funk	GNR	S1
Thelomma mammosum	(Hepp) A. Massal.	G3G4	S1
Thelomma occidentale	(Herre) Tibell	GNR	S1
Topeliopsis toensbergii	Kantvilas & Vezda	GNR	SNR
Trapeliopsis glaucopholis ( T. californica McCune & Camacho)	(Nyl. ex Hasse) Printzen & McCune	G3G4	SNR
Trapeliopsis steppica	McCune & Camacho	G2G4	SNR
Umbilicaria angulata	Tuck.	G4?	S2
Umbilicaria arctica	(Ach.) Nyl.	G3	S1
Umbilicaria decussata	(Vill.) Zahlbr.	G3?	S1
Umbilicaria havaasii	Llano	G3G4	S1
Umbilicaria lyngei	Schol.	G3	S1
Umbilicaria polyrhiza	(L.) Fr.	G3G4	S1
Umbilicaria rigida	(Du Rietz) Frey	G4?	S1
Umbilicaria scholanderi	(Llano) Krog	G1	S1
Umbilicaria vellea	(L.) Hoffm.	G4?	S2
Usnea hesperina	Mot.	G4G5	SNR
Usnea quasirigida (U. rigida Motyka)	Lendemer & Tavares	GNR	SNR
Xanthoria parietina	(L.) Th. Fr.	G3G5	SNR

 

Table 5. Species with taxonomic questions (Review List 2).

Scientific Name	Author	Global Rank	State Rank
Lobaria silvae-veteris (Nephroma silvae-veteris)	Goward & Goffinet) Goward & Goffinet	GNR	SNR

 

Table 6. Species that are possibly extirpated from Washington.

Scientific Name	Author	Global Rank	State Rank
Sulcaria badia	Brodo & D. Hawksw.	G3	S1

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Description of Rank Codes

Global Rank (GRank)

Global Rank characterizes the relative rarity or endangerment of the element world-wide.

G1 = Critically Imperiled - At very high risk of extinction or elimination due to very restricted range, very few populations or occurrences, very steep declines, very severe threats, or  other factors.
G2 = Imperiled - At high risk of extinction or elimination due to restricted range, few populations or occurrences, steep declines, severe threats, or other factors.
G3 = Vulnerable - At moderate risk of extinction or elimination  due to a fairly restricted range, relatively few populations  or occurrences, recent and widespread declines, threats, or other factors.
G4 = Apparently Secure - At fairly low risk of extinction  or elimination due to an extensive range and/or many populations or occurrences, but with possible cause for some concern as a result of local recent declines, threats, or other factors.
G5 = Secure  At very low risk or extinction or elimination due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, and little to no concern from declines or threats.
GH = Possibly Extinct - Known from only historical occurrences but still some hope of rediscovery.
GU = Unrankable - Currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially conflicting information about status or trends.
GX = Presumed Extinct - Not located despite intensive searches and virtually no likelihood of rediscovery.
GNR = Unranked - Global rank not yet assessed.
G#G# = Range Rank - A numeric range rank (e.g., G2G3, G1G3) is used to indicate uncertainty about the exact status of a taxon or ecosystem type.

Rank Qualifiers
? = Inexact Numeric Rank - Denotes inexact numeric rank.
Q = Questionable taxonomy that may reduce conservation priority   Distinctiveness of this entity as a taxon at the current level is questionable; resolution of this uncertainty may result in change from a species to a subspecies or hybrid, or inclusion of this taxon or type in another taxon or type, with the resulting taxon having a lower-priority (numerically higher) conservation status rank.

Infraspecific Taxon  status ranks
T# = Infraspecific Taxon (trinomial) - The status of infraspecific taxa (subspecies or varieties) are indicated by a “T-rank” following the species’ global rank. Rules for assigning T-ranks follow the same principles outlined above.

State Rank (SRank)

State Rank characterizes the relative rarity or endangerment within the state of Washington.

S1 = Critically Imperiled - At very high risk of extirpation in the state due to very restricted range, very few populations or occurrences, very steep declines, severe threats, or other factors.
S2 = Imperiled - At high risk of extirpation in the state due to restricted range, few populations or occurrences, steep declines, severe threats, or other factors.
S3 = Vulnerable - At moderate risk of extirpation in the state due to a fairly restricted range, relatively few populations or occurrences, recent and widespread declines, threats, or other factors.
S4 = Apparently Secure - At a fairly  low risk of extirpation in the  state due to an extensive range and/or many populations or occurrences, but  with  possible cause for some concern as a result of local recent  declines, threats, or other factors.
S5 = Secure - At very low or no risk of extirpation in the state due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats.
SH = Possibly Extirpated - Known from only historical records but still some hope of rediscovery.
SX = Presumed Extirpated - Species is believed to be extirpated from the state. Not located despite intensive searches of historical sites and other appropriate habitat, and virtually no likelihood that it will be rediscovered.

Rank Qualifiers
S#? = Inexact Numeric Rank - Denotes inexact numeric rank.
S#S# = Range Rank - A numeric range rank (e.g., S2S3 or S1S3) is used to indicate any range of uncertainty about the status of the species.
SU = Unrankable - Currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially conflicting information about status or trends.
SNR = Unranked - Subnational conservation status not yet assessed
SNA = Not Applicable - A conservation status rank is not applicable because the species or ecosystem is not a suitable target for conservation activities.